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The topography of Tamil Nadu is
delightfully varied and diverse.
Of the 1,30,058 sq-kms land
area, 17.6% is covered with
forest area. These spread over
the plains and on mountain
slopes. Dry lands are bestowed
with dry-deciduous forests,
thorn forests, scrubs and
mangroves. The Western Ghats and
a few cooler regions are endowed
with moist deciduous, wet
evergreen forests and
grasslands. There are 5 national
parks and 17 wildlife
sanctuaries in Tamil Nadu. The
famous wildlife sanctuaries are
the Anamalai (Indira Gandhi)
Wildlife Sanctuary, Calimere
Wildlife Sanctuary, Kalakadu
Wildlife Sanctuary, Mundanthurai
Tiger Sanctuary, Kunthakulam
Bird Sanctuary, Mudumalai
Wildlife Sanctuary and National
Park, Vedanthangal Bird
Sanctuary and The Viralimalai
Sanctuary. The Gulf of Mannar
Marine National Park and the
Guindy National Park are the
most visited national parks in
the state. Anna Zoological Park
in Chennai is one of the latest
and modern zoos of India. The
Snake Park and the Crocodile
Bank also located in Chennai are
known for their collection of
reptiles
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Arignar Anna Zoological Park
This man-made Zoological
Park situated on the outskirts
of Chennai Metropolitan was
created out of the Reserved
Forests of Vandalur. The forests
are of dry deciduous and dry
evergreen scrub type. It was in
the year 1855 the first Zoo in
India was established in
Chennai; later in 1979 shifted
to this 510 Ha. Sprawling
complex. This Zoological park is
said to be one of the biggest in
South East Asia. The wild life
population are exhibited in a
large open moated island type
enclosures with simulated
natural environment. More than
170 species of Mammals, Aviaries
and reptiles are exhibited. Lion
safari vehicle, Elephant Ride,
Battery operated vehicles are
some of the facilities available
inside this park. |
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Crocodile
Bank
This Crocodile Bank has been
established with an aim to
protected and conserve the
endangered reptiles such as
crocodiles, Alligators etc.
Situated 14 kms from
Mamallapuram, this Trust now
houses more than six species of
crocodiles.arrangements;
7.Located 42-km from Chennai
(Madras) is a farm where several
species of Indian and African
crocodiles and alligators are
bred in captivity. This
crocodile bank is on the way to
Mahabalipuram and is run by
Romulve Whittaker. About 5,000
species are kept in their
natural surroundings in open
pools. They can be viewed from a
safe distance.
The Crocodile Bank occupies an
area of 3.2 hectares and has
been established with an aim to
protect and conserve the
endangered reptile s such as
Crocodiles, Alligators, etc.
Tourists in large numbers visit
the crocodile bank to see a
variety of reptiles, all in one
place. |
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Guindy
National Park
Situated in Chennai.
Compositions of animals Black
Buck, Chital, Jackal, Pangolin
and a variety of Avi fauna.
Guindy National Park is one of
the prime visiting spots for
those who come to Chennai during
vacation period. It attracts
visitors over three lakhs during
a season. A recommended picnic
spot for the entire family to
spend a day amidst nature and
return home joyfully in the
evening. This park boasts of
over 24 varieties of trees, for
example, Amona Squamosa, Atlanta
Monoplylla, Feronia Limonia,
Azadirachta India, etc. to
mention a few. Also more than 14
varieties of shrubs, over 14
types of mammals like elephant,
antilope, spotted dear, jungle
cat, toddy cat, Indian civet,
etc. The park also accounts for
over 37 varieties of birds, like
black chested, black winged
kite, honey buzzard, pariah
kite, and so on. There are also
many kinds of amphibians and
snakes to add to the variety
that is already available. |
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Gulf of Mannar Marine National
Park
This is a marine bio Sphere,
running along the coasts of
Ramanathapuram and Tuthukudi (Tuticorin)
Districts. The entire Gulf of
Mannar abounds in distinguished
marine life covering, 21 Islands
and 623 ha. This National Park
is full of coral reefs, Dugong,
Turtles, Dolphins and
Balano-glossus. Kurasadai
Islands, off mandapam, Boasts of
a vast expanse of shallow
waters. The presence of coral
reef, flora and fauna here are
in their virgin form.
Dolphins could create euphoria
to the tourists. Other details:
1. Annual Rainfall: 900 mm; 2.
Air port: Madurai- 150 kms; 3.
Rain: Mandapam/ Toothukudi; 4.
Accommodation: Hotel at Mandapam:
5. Other facilities; Boats
available; 6. Authority: The
Wild Life Warden, Gulf of Mannar,
Marine National Park, 76/1.
Madurai Road, Mandapam,
Ramanathapuram District - 623
50. |
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Indira
Gandhi Wildlife Sanctuary and
National Park
Spread over 9.58 Sq.kms.,
this sanctuary can be reached
through Topslip in Anamalai
Hills on the Western Ghats. An
Ecological Paradise, this
sanctuary encompasses a National
Park with an Orea of 108 Sq.km.
Abutting Kerala on the West,
this hill forest boasts of thick
growth of trees, folds of
terrains with evergreen sholas.
About 800 species of South
Indian flora are distributed
here.
Some of the many rare and
endangered species of flora are:
1. Combretum Ovalifolium, 2.
Dispyros nilagrica, 3.
Gymnopteris Contaimirans (Fern),
4. Habebarai reriflora (Orchid),
5. Polypodum pleroupus, 6.
Alsophila sp, 7. Bulbophyllum
sp., 8. Lasianthus uenuloses, 9.
Angiopterris Erectra, 10. Gnetum
Ula, 11. Impaliens Elegans, 12.
Lycopodium cernum, 13.
Ranunculus reniformis and
Osmunda Regulis.
This sanctuary nurtures Arboreal
animals like lion tailed
macaque, bonnet macaque, Common
Langur, Nilgiris Langur, Malabar
Giant squirrel and Grizzled
giant Squirrel. The ground
animals listed are: Tiger,
Panther, Elephant, Gaur,
Pangolin, Sambar, Spotted Deer,
Barking Deer, Mouse Deer, Wild
Boar, Dhole, Sloth Bear,
Porcupine, Nilgiris Tahr, Civet
Cat and Toddy Cat. The Avifauna
includes Racket Tailed Drongo,
Black Headed Oriole, Paradise
Flycatcher, Whistling Thrust,
Emerald Dove, Green Pigeon,
Tickell's Flower Pecker, Rufus
Wood Pecker, Rose Ringed
Parakeet, Black Eagle, Great
Indian Malabar pied Horn Bill,
Fiary Blue Bird and green Billed
Malkhoha etc. |
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